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ment. Lecture only. Prerequisites: BIOL220,

CHEM204, BIOL300, or permission of the

instructor.

BIOL664.401 HUMAN

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

CARDIOVASCULAR,

RESPIRATORY,

URINARY

3 sem. hrs.

This course is intended for those in medical

and allied fields interested in extending or

reviewing their understanding of normal and

abnormal human function. The course also

may be used by those interested in obtaining a

background for pursuing health science fields.

Three systems will be emphasized: the cardio-

vascular, urinary and respiratory. A course in

Human or Animal Physiology is a prerequisite

for this course or the consent of the instructor.

BIOL664.411 HUMAN

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

NEUROMUSCULAR

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

3 sem. hrs.

The design of this course is such as to acquaint

the student with the physiology of the nervous

and muscular systems in the health state and

contrast these conditions with altered parame-

ters associated with various diseases. Current

research and hypotheses concerning diseases

of questioned etiology and pathogenesis will

also be discussed. Lecture and demonstrations,

no lab. A course in Human or Animal Physiol-

ogy is a prerequisite for this course or the con-

sent of the instructor.

BIOL664.421 HUMAN

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:

METABOLIC,

ENDOCRINE, AND

REPRODUCTIVE

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

3 sem. hrs.

This portion of Human Pathophysiology

entails an in-depth study of molecular and

cytological mechanisms that function in health

and disease. Particular emphasis is given to the

underlying physiological mechanisms which

are determinants in disorders. Prerequisites: a

physiology course and one year of chemistry.

BIOL664.431 INTRODUCTION TO

PATHOLOGY 3 sem. hrs.

This course involves the study of abnormal

function and structure at the tissue level. Top-

ics covered are inflammation, necrosis, tissue

repair, neoplasia and autoimmunity. A detailed

unit on blood and electrolyte imbalances is

also included. Lecture and demonstrations, no

lab. Prerequisite: A course in Human or Ani-

mal Physiology or consent of the instructor.

BIOL681

FISH ECOLOGY 3 sem. hrs.

This course studies the interrelationships of

fishes and their environments, both biotic and

abiotic; anatomical, physiological, and senso-

ry adaptations (both general and specific) of

fishes for life in aquatic habitats; the behavior

of fishes in relation to their aquatic ecology;

the effects of pollution and of management on

aquatic habitats; and applied aspects of fish

ecology and fishery biology. Laboratory and

field work emphasizes fishes of the area.

There will be a three-hour laboratory each

week. Prerequisite: BIOL240 or BIOL241, or

equivalent;

BIOL342, BIOL500,

BIOL640, or equivalent; or permission of

instructor.

BIOL682

BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY

(Fall Odd Years)

4 sem. hrs.

This course examines the behavior of animals

in relation to their natural environment. It

emphasizes the functioning of instinctive and

learned patterns of behavior in their natural

context, intra-specific communication and

social organization, behavioral relationships

between species, and how behavior is regulat-

ed and organized by physical and biological

factors in the environment. It includes lecture

and laboratory.

BIOL701

SEMINAR IN BIOLOGY

(Fall)

3 sem. hrs.

The emphasis in this course is on the presenta-

tion and discussion, by students, of topics and

research pertinent to the field of biology at the

present time. Required of all biology graduate

students (M.S. and M.Ed.). Prerequisite: grad-

uate standing.

BIOL793

INDEPENDENT STUDY IN

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

(**)

3 sem. hrs.

This experience is devised to meet the needs of

students who wish to prepare, under the direc-

tion of a member of the graduate faculty, indi-

vidual studies or projects in the field of bio-

logical science.

BIOL799

THESIS (**) 3 or 6 sem. hrs.

Research for the Master's thesis is conducted

under the supervision of the advisor.

CHARACTER

EDUCATION

CERTIFICATE

PROGRAM

This 12-credit graduate certificate in character

education has been designed to meet the needs

of pre-service and in-service educators, coun-

selors, school psychologists, and administra-

tors as they strive to deal effectively with the

mental, emotional, and social aspects of a total

education. The examination of the formaliza-

tion and application of character education

issues in educational professionals will

encourage research into contemporary topics,

reflection on professional behaviors, and col-

laboration with peers of similar and divergent

opinions and attitudes. This certificate will

also include a distance education option with

California University of Pennsylvania.

The Graduate Studies certificate in Character

Education is also available as an online pro-

gram. Additional information about the online

program can be obtained from the Office of

Graduate Studies and Research.

Admission Requirements

Applicants for this program must be admitted

as either special student or as certificate grad-

uate students.

Curriculum

The following courses must be satisfactorily

completed:

I. Introductory Courses One of the

following introductory courses

(3 credit hours)

EDUC703 Character Education and

and American Schools

EDUC624 Character Education

(offered at California

University of Pa.) credit

through the Academic

Passport Agreement

among SSHE universities

ELED730 Character Education and

the Young Child

II. Electives Two of the following

(6 credit hours)

EDUC686 Classroom Management

and Control

SPED710 Seminar in Exceptionalities

APSY628 Behavior Modification in

Education

COUN740 Individual Development

Through Adolescence

COUN742 Developmental Counseling

in Schools

Character Education Certificate Program/47